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Expressions

37 bytes removed, 18:21, 3 June 2013
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The arithmetic expressions relate two operands (value or another expression) to compose a sum, subtraction, multiplication or division.
* '''=== Sum (+)''': ===Sum two operands. Represented by the sum (+) character.
Syntax: ''<operand/expression> + <operand/expression>''.
'''Examples''': "Taxes" + "Commissions";
* '''=== Subtraction (-)''': ===Subtract two operands. Represented by the subtract or hyphen (-) character.
Syntax: ''<operand/expression> - <operand/expression>''.
'''Examples''': "Gross Sale" - "Taxes";
* '''=== Multiplication (*)''': ===Multiplicate two operands. Represented by the multiplication or star (*) character.
Syntax: ''<operand/expression> * <operand/expression>''.
'''Examples''': "Amount" * "Unit Price";
* '''=== Division(/)''': ===Divides two operands. Represented by the divide or bar (/) character.
Syntax: ''<operand/expression> / <operand/expression>''.
'''Examples''': "Total Value" / "Amount".
The relational expressions compare two operands (value or another expression) two evaluate if a condition is ''true'' or ''false''. Usually used with decision functions, like the ''IF''.
* '''=== Equal (==)''': ===Performs the equal comparison expression between two operands. Represented by the equal operator (==).
Syntax: ''<expression> == <expression>''.
'''Examples''': "Unit Price" == "Total Price";
* '''=== Different (!=)''': ===Performs the different comparison expression between two operands. Represented by the different operator (!=).
Syntax: ''<expression> != <expression>''.
'''Examples''': "City.City" != 'New York';
* '''=== Greater than (>)''': ===Return ''true'' if the the first expression is greater than the second expression and ''false'' otherwise. Represented by the greater operator (>).
Syntax: ''<expression> > <expression>''.
'''Examples''': "Order Date" > '01/01/2011';
* '''=== Greater or equal than (>=)''': ===Return ''true'' if the the first expression is greater than or equal to the second expression and ''false'' otherwise. Represented by the greater or equal operator (>=).
Syntax: ''<expression> >= <expression>''.
'''Examples''': IF("Order Date" >= '01/01/2011';"Order Date";0);
* '''=== Lesser than (<)''': ===Return ''true'' if the the first expression is lesser than the second expression and ''false'' otherwise. Represented by the lesser operator (<).
Syntax: ''<expression> < <expression>''.
'''Examples''': "Profit" < '0';
* '''=== Lesser or equal than (<=)''': ===Return ''true'' if the the first expression is lesser than or equal to the second expression and ''false'' otherwise. Represented by the lesser or equal operator (<=).
Syntax: ''<expression> <= <expression>''.
'''Examples''': IF("Order Date" <= '01/01/2011';"Order Date";0).
* '''=== And (&&)''': ===Performs the logical operation ''AND'' between two boolean values. The two operands must be ''true'' for the result of the operation to be ''true''. Represented by the ''AND'' operator (&&).
Syntax: ''<expression> && <expression>''.
'''Examples''': IF((Gross Sales > '0') && (Seller == 'John Snow');'Sold';'Not Sold'), IF((City!="#null") && (Date<DAY_FROM_TODAY(0));1;0);
* '''=== Or (||)''': ===Performs the logical operation ''OR'' between two boolean values. One of the two operands must be ''true'' for the result of the operation to be ''true''. Represented by the ''OR'' operator (||).
Syntax: ''<expression> || <expression>''.
'''Examples''': IF((Gross Sales > '0') || (Sold == 'true');'Sold';'Not Sold'), IF((City!="#null") || (Date<DAY_FROM_TODAY(0));1;0);
* '''=== Not (!)''': ===Performs the denial logical operation for a boolean value. If the operand are ''true'' the ''NOT'' convert it to ''false'' (and the other way around). Represented by the ''NOT'' operator (!).
Syntax: ''! <expression>''.
'''Examples''': IF(!BETWEEN("Date", '01/01/2013', '31/12/2013');'Not 2013';'2013').
The basic functions are system default functions and implements useful functionalities.
* '''=== Abs''': ===Returns the absolute value of a base value.
Syntax: ''ABS(<expression>)''. Accept one parameter and process a numeric data type.
'''Examples''': ABS(Gross Sale-Taxes);
* '''=== Avg''': ===Returns the average value of an array of values.
Syntax: ''AVG(<expression1>;<expression2>[;<expression3>;...;<expressionN>])''. Accept multiple parameter and process a numeric data type.
Can be used to return the average value of different columns from the same row of a table.
'''Examples''': AVG(Taxes;Commissions;Costs);
* '''=== Between''': ===Check if a value is inside the boundaries of the parameters values.
Syntax: ''BETWEEN(<expression_to_test>;<expression_bottom_limit>;<expression_top_limit>)''. Need three parameters (of any data type, but
the three must be from the same type) and returns a boolean, ''true'' if value is inside the boundaries and ''false'' if not.
'''Examples''': BETWEEN("Date";'01/01/2013';'31/12/2013'), BETWEEN("Gross Sales";'0';'1000.00');
* '''=== If then else''': ===Tests a boolean expression and returns a value in case it is ''true'' and another in case it is ''false''.
Syntax: ''IF(<expression_test>;<expression_for_true>;<expression_for_false>)''. Need three parameters, a boolean for test and returns any
data type, provided that both are from the same type. Useful for logic tests where two different executions expressions are
'''Examples''': IF("Branch"=='SOUTH';'South';'Other Branch'), IF("Profit"==0;0;Profit+Taxes);
* '''=== Log''': ===Returns the log value of a number on a set base.
Syntax: ''LOG(<expression_number>[;<expression_base>])''. Minimum one parameter and maximum two. If just one parameters is given, the
neperian log is returned. If the second parameter is also given, returns the log in the respective base.
'''Examples''': LOG(Profit);
* '''=== Max''': ===Returns the greater value between two numbers.
Syntax: ''MAX(<expression_value1>;<expression_value2>)''. Need two value parameters and returns a value data type.
'''Examples''': "Total Value"/MAX("Quantity";"1");
* '''=== Min''': ===Returns the smaller value between two numbers.
Syntax: ''MIN(<expression_value1>;<expression_value2>)''. Need two value parameters and returns a value data type.
'''Examples''': "Total Value"/MIN("Quantity";"1");
* '''=== Pow''': ===Returns the power value of a number on a set exponent.
Syntax: ''POW(<expression_number>[;<expression_exponent>])''. Minimum one parameter and maximum two. If the exponent value is not given,
use two (2) by default.
'''Examples''': POW(Value1)+POW(Value1-Value2;3);
* '''=== Random''': ===Returns a aleatory number inside the boundaries of the limit values.
Syntax: ''RANDOM(<expression_bottom_limit>;<expression_top_limit>)''. Need two parameters, the bottom and the upper limit of the random
number to be generated.
'''Examples''': RANDOM(0.0;1.0);
* '''=== Sqrt''': ===Returns the square root of a value.
Syntax: ''SQRT(<expression>)''. Need one parameters, the value to be calculated.
'''Examples''': SQRT('36').
The date functions are operations that use as parameters and return result of the [[Date|date data type]].
* '''Date functions constants === Constants list:''':===
** '''0''': DATE_FIELD_YEAR (Year part);
** '''1''': DATE_FIELD_MONTH (Month part);
* '''=== Date part''': ===Return a part of a date.
Syntax: ''DATE_PART(<expression_date>;<constant>)''. Need two parameters, the first is the reference date and the second the constant
representing the desired part date: 0, 1, 2, 3 or 5 (see above constants list).
'''Examples''': DATE_PART("Order Date";0) - returns the year part of the "Order Date";
* '''=== Day from today''': ===Return a backward (negative) or forward (positive) date counting from today.
Syntax: ''DAY_FROM_TODAY(<expression_number_days>)''. Need one parameter, the number of days to add or subtract.
'''Examples''': DAY_FROM_TODAY(-1) - returns the yesterday date;
* '''=== First day of''': ===Return the first day of a grouping. This function have two variations:** '''Firstway''':
Syntax: ''FIRST_DAY_OF(<constant_grouping>;<expression_date>)''. Need two parameters, the first is the constant grouping in which you
want to obtain the first date: 0, 1, 2, 3 or 5 (see constants list) and the second is the anchor base date.
'''Examples''': FIRST_DAY_OF(0;DAY_FROM_TODAY(0)) - first day of year (0) from today (DAY_FROM_TODAY(0)), FIRST_DAY_OF(1;"Order Date") -
first day of month (1) based on the "Order Data";
** '''Secondway''':
Syntax: ''FIRST_DAY_OF(<constant_grouping>;<constant_modify_date>;<modify_date_value>)''. Need three parameters, the first is the
constant grouping in which you want to obtain the first date: 0, 1, 2, 3 or 5 (see constants list), the second is the modifier
'''Examples''': FIRST_DAY_OF(1;0;-1) - first day of the current month (1) from last year (0;-1);
* '''=== Last day of''': ===Return the last day of a grouping. This function have two variations:** '''Firstway''':
Syntax: ''LAST_DAY_OF(<constant_grouping>;<expression_date>)''. Need two parameters, the first is the constant grouping in which you
want to obtain the last date: 0, 1, 2, 3 or 5 (see constants list) and the second is the anchor base date.
'''Examples''': LAST_DAY_OF(0;DAY_FROM_TODAY(0)) - last day of year (0) from today (DAY_FROM_TODAY(0)), LAST_DAY_OF(1;"Order Date") -
last day of month (1) based on the "Order Data";
** '''Secondway''':
Syntax: ''LAST_DAY_OF(<constant_grouping>;<constant_modify_date>;<modify_date_value>)''. Need three parameters, the first is the
constant grouping in which you want to obtain the last date: 0, 1, 2, 3 or 5 (see constants list), the second is the modifier
'''Examples''': LAST_DAY_OF(1;0;-1) - last day of the current month (1) from last year (0;-1);
* '''=== New date''': ===Create an object from a day, month and year.
Syntax: ''NEW_DATE(<expression_day>;<expression_month>;<expression_year>)''. Need three parameters, the first is a valid day number (1 to
31), the second for a month (1 to 12) and the third is a year. The date is created from year to day, therefore, the day must be
"Order Date" column;
* '''=== Num of days''': ===Return the number of days between two dates.
Syntax: ''NUM_OF_DAYS(<expression_date1>;<expression_date2>)''. Need two date data type parameters.
'''Examples''': NUM_OF_DAYS(FIRST_DAY_OF(0;"Order Date");"Order Date") - returns the number of days between the first day of year based on
column;
* '''=== Num of months''': ===Return the number of months between two dates.
Syntax: ''NUM_OF_MONTHS(<expression_date1>;<expression_date2>)''. Need two date data type parameters.
'''Examples''': NUM_OF_MONTHS(FIRST_DAY_OF(0;"Date");"Date") - Return the number of months between the first day of the year of the "Date"
column and the current month of the "Date" column;
* '''=== Previous date''': ===Return the closest exact previous date given a day and month.
Syntax: ''PREVIOUS_DATE(<expression_day>;<expression_month>)''. Need two parameters, the first is the day of month and the second the
month.
'''Examples''': PREVIOUS_DATE(1;4) - return the closest ''01/04'', in other words, until "01/04/current year", returns "01/04/last year",
after that returns "01/04/current year".
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